In organic chemistry, columnchromatography adsorbent is the best purification and separation technique of desired compounds from a mixture. Column chromatography used under two techniques like stationery phase and mobile phase. In which stationery phase is a solid adsorbent, to place in vertical column while as in mobile phase is a liquid, is add from the top and solvent flows down through the column by gravity or by the air pressure. The stability is required to maintain between the liquid flowing down though the column and adsorbents. Because in the mixture, there are different components having different interactions with the mobile phase and stationery phase.
There are four types of methods used in silica
gel column chromatography. That is analytical chromatography which is used to
analyze that how much percentage of mixture is to be purified. This is a very
fast and cost effective method for separation. Another is preparative
chromatography, which is used to optimize the opportunities of the process and
also improves the process of separation. Next is process chromatography where
the separation is taken up to a biologics level and separation of proteins,
viruses, hormones and anti-bodies is now possible. The last is gravity
chromatography which is said to be the manual process. The mixture is allowed
to move around by gravitational force.
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